4 * This file is part of BeRTOS.
6 * Bertos is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
18 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
20 * As a special exception, you may use this file as part of a free software
21 * library without restriction. Specifically, if other files instantiate
22 * templates or use macros or inline functions from this file, or you compile
23 * this file and link it with other files to produce an executable, this
24 * file does not by itself cause the resulting executable to be covered by
25 * the GNU General Public License. This exception does not however
26 * invalidate any other reasons why the executable file might be covered by
27 * the GNU General Public License.
29 * Copyright 2003, 2004 Develer S.r.l. (http://www.develer.com/)
33 * \brief Common and handy function macros
35 * \author Bernie Innocenti <bernie@codewiz.org>
36 * \author Giovanni Bajo <rasky@develer.com>
41 #include <cfg/compiler.h>
43 /* avr-gcc does not seem to support libstdc++ */
44 #if defined(__cplusplus) && !CPU_AVR
45 /* Type-generic macros implemented with template functions. */
48 template<class T> inline T ABS(T n) { return n >= 0 ? n : -n; }
49 #define MIN(a,b) std::min(a, b)
50 #define MAX(a,b) std::max(a, b)
51 #define SWAP(a,b) std::swap(a, b)
52 #elif (COMPILER_STATEMENT_EXPRESSIONS && COMPILER_TYPEOF)
53 /* Type-generic macros implemented with statement expressions. */
56 (_n < 0) ? -_n : _n; \
61 ASSERT_TYPE_EQUAL(_a, _b); \
63 * The (typeof(_a)) cast in necessary: \
64 * result type of conditional expressions is \
65 * *NOT* the type of the value returned but \
66 * the type that would be produced if _a and _b \
67 * were mixed in an expression. \
68 * Even in _a and _b are of the same type, \
69 * if mixed in an expression the type will be \
70 * (at least) promoted to int! \
72 ((typeof(_a))((_a < _b) ? _a : _b)); \
77 ASSERT_TYPE_EQUAL(_a, _b); \
79 * The (typeof(_a)) cast in necessary: \
80 * result type of conditional expressions is \
81 * *NOT* the type of the value returned but \
82 * the type that would be produced if _a and _b \
83 * were mixed in an expression. \
84 * Even in _a and _b are of the same type, \
85 * if mixed in an expression the type will be \
86 * (at least) promoted to int! \
88 ((typeof(_a))((_a > _b) ? _a : _b)); \
90 #else /* !(COMPILER_STATEMENT_EXPRESSIONS && COMPILER_TYPEOF) */
91 /* Buggy macros for inferior compilers. */
92 #define ABS(a) (((a) < 0) ? -(a) : (a))
93 #define MIN(a,b) (((a) < (b)) ? (a) : (b))
94 #define MAX(a,b) (((a) > (b)) ? (a) : (b))
95 #endif /* !(COMPILER_STATEMENT_EXPRESSIONS && COMPILER_TYPEOF) */
97 /** Bound \a x between \a min and \a max. */
98 #define MINMAX(min,x,max) (MIN(MAX(min, x), max))
101 /* Use standard implementation from <algorithm> */
102 #define SWAP(a,b) std::swap(a, b)
103 #elif COMPILER_TYPEOF
105 * Type-generic macro to swap \a a with \a b.
107 * \note Arguments are evaluated multiple times.
112 ASSERT_TYPE_EQUAL(a, b); \
117 #else /* !COMPILER_TYPEOF */
118 /* Sub-optimal implementation that only works with integral types. */
126 #endif /* COMPILER_TYPEOF */
129 * Shuffle the content of \a array that counts \a len elements.
131 #define SHUFFLE(array, len) \
134 for (i = (len) - 1; i > 0; i--) \
136 j = ((i + 1) * (rand() / (RAND_MAX + 1.0))); \
137 SWAP((array)[i], (array)[j]); \
142 * Macro to swap \a a with \a b, with explicit type \a T for dumb C89 compilers.
144 * \note Arguments are evaluated multiple times.
146 #define SWAP_T(a, b, T) \
149 ASSERT_TYPE_IS(a, T); \
150 ASSERT_TYPE_IS(b, T); \
157 * Reverse the bits contained in b (LSB becomes the MSB and so on).
158 * \note \a b is evaluated twice
160 #define REVERSE_UINT8(b) \
161 ((uint8_t)((((b) * 0x0802UL & 0x22110UL) | ((b) * 0x8020UL & 0x88440UL)) * 0x10101UL >> 16))
164 /** Convert a bit value to a binary flag. */
165 #define BV(x) (1<<(x))
168 /** Same as BV() but with 32 bit result */
169 #define BV32(x) ((uint32_t)1<<(x))
171 /** Same as BV() but with 16 bit result */
172 #define BV16(x) ((uint16_t)1<<(x))
174 /** Same as BV() but with 8 bit result */
175 #define BV8(x) ((uint8_t)1<<(x))
178 * Perform an integer division rounding the result to the nearest int value.
179 * \note \a divisor should preferibly be a costant, otherwise this macro generates
180 * 2 division. Also divisor is evaluated twice.
182 #define DIV_ROUND(dividend, divisor) (((dividend) + (divisor) / 2) / (divisor))
185 * Perform an integer division rounding the result to the upper int value.
186 * \note \a divisor should preferibly be a costant, otherwise this macro generates
187 * 2 division. Also divisor is evaluated twice.
189 #define DIV_ROUNDUP(dividend, divisor) (((dividend) + (divisor) - 1) / (divisor))
191 /** Round up \a x to an even multiple of the 2's power \a pad. */
192 #define ROUND_UP2(x, pad) (((x) + ((pad) - 1)) & ~((pad) - 1))
195 * \name Integer round macros.
197 * Round \a x to a multiple of \a base.
198 * \note If \a x is signed these macros generate a lot of code.
201 #define ROUND_DOWN(x, base) ( (x) - ((x) % (base)) )
202 #define ROUND_UP(x, base) ( ((x) + (base) - 1) - (((x) + (base) - 1) % (base)) )
203 #define ROUND_NEAREST(x, base) ( ((x) + (base) / 2) - (((x) + (base) / 2) % (base)) )
206 /** Check if \a x is an integer power of 2. */
207 #define IS_POW2(x) (!(bool)((x) & ((x)-1)))
209 /** Calculate a compile-time log2 for a uint8_t */
210 #define UINT8_LOG2(x) \
217 ((x) < 128 ? 6 : 7)))))))
219 /** Calculate a compile-time log2 for a uint16_t */
220 #define UINT16_LOG2(x) \
221 ((x < 256) ? UINT8_LOG2(x) : UINT8_LOG2((x) >> 8) + 8)
223 /** Calculate a compile-time log2 for a uint32_t */
224 #define UINT32_LOG2(x) \
225 ((x < 65536UL) ? UINT16_LOG2(x) : UINT16_LOG2((x) >> 16) + 16)
227 #if COMPILER_VARIADIC_MACROS
228 /** Count the number of arguments (up to 16). */
229 #define PP_COUNT(...) \
230 PP_COUNT__(__VA_ARGS__,16,15,14,13,12,11,10,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1,0)
231 #define PP_COUNT__(a0,a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7,a8,a9,a10,a11,a12,a13,a14,a15,count,...) \
235 #if COMPILER_VARIADIC_MACROS
237 * \def BIT_CHANGE(reg, (mask, value), ...)
239 * This macro allows for efficient and compact bit toggling in a hardware
240 * register. It is meant to replace hand-coded cruft which toggles bits
243 * It is possible to specify an unlimited pair of (mask, value) parameters.
247 * void set_timer(bool start)
249 * BIT_CHANGE(REG_CTRL_TIMER,
250 * (TIMER_MODE, MODE_COUNT),
258 * The macro expansion will be roughly the following:
261 * REG_CTRL_TIMER = (REG_CTRL_TIMER & ~(TIMER_MODE|OVL_IRQ|CMP_IRQ|START)
262 * | (MODE_COUNT|OVL_IRQ|CMP_IRQ|(start ? START : 0));
265 * It is up to the compiler to produce the optimal code. We checked that GCC produces
266 * the best code in most cases. We preferred this expansion over the use of a block
267 * with a local variable because CodeWarrior 6.1 was not able to remove completely the
268 * allocation of the local from the stack.
270 * \note This macro is available only in C99 because it makes use of variadic macros.
271 * It would be possible to make up an implementation with a slightly different syntax
272 * for use with C90 compilers, through Boost Preprocessor.
276 * \def BIT_CHANGE_BV(reg, (bit, value), ...)
278 * Similar to BIT_CHANGE(), but get bits instead of masks (and applies BV() to convert
282 #define BIT_EXTRACT_FLAG_0(bit, value) bit
283 #define BIT_EXTRACT_FLAG_1(bit, value) BV(bit)
284 #define BIT_EXTRACT_VALUE__(bit, value) value
286 #define BIT_MASK_SINGLE__(use_bv, index, max, arg) \
287 ((index < max) ? (PP_CAT(BIT_EXTRACT_FLAG_, use_bv) arg) : 0) \
290 #define BIT_MASK_IF_SINGLE__(use_bv, index, max, arg) \
291 (((index < max) && (BIT_EXTRACT_VALUE__ arg)) ? (PP_CAT(BIT_EXTRACT_FLAG_, use_bv) arg) : 0) \
294 #define BIT_ITER__2(macro, use_bv, max, a0,a1,a2,a3,a4,a5,a6,a7,a8,a9,a10,a11,a12,a13,a14,a15, ...) \
295 (macro(use_bv, 0, max, a0) | \
296 macro(use_bv, 1, max, a1) | \
297 macro(use_bv, 2, max, a2) | \
298 macro(use_bv, 3, max, a3) | \
299 macro(use_bv, 4, max, a4) | \
300 macro(use_bv, 5, max, a5) | \
301 macro(use_bv, 6, max, a6) | \
302 macro(use_bv, 7, max, a7) | \
303 macro(use_bv, 8, max, a8) | \
304 macro(use_bv, 9, max, a9) | \
305 macro(use_bv, 10, max, a10) | \
306 macro(use_bv, 11, max, a11) | \
307 macro(use_bv, 12, max, a12) | \
308 macro(use_bv, 13, max, a13) | \
309 macro(use_bv, 14, max, a14) | \
310 macro(use_bv, 15, max, a15)) \
313 #define BIT_ITER__(macro, use_bv, ...) \
314 BIT_ITER__2(macro, use_bv, PP_COUNT(__VA_ARGS__), __VA_ARGS__, (0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1),(0,1)) \
317 #define BIT_MASKS__(use_bv, ...) \
318 BIT_ITER__(BIT_MASK_SINGLE__, use_bv, __VA_ARGS__)
321 #define BIT_MASKS_CONDITIONAL__(use_bv, ...) \
322 BIT_ITER__(BIT_MASK_IF_SINGLE__, use_bv, __VA_ARGS__)
325 #define BIT_CHANGE__(reg, use_bv, ...) \
326 ((reg) = ((reg) & ~BIT_MASKS__(use_bv, __VA_ARGS__)) | BIT_MASKS_CONDITIONAL__(use_bv, __VA_ARGS__)) \
329 #define BIT_CHANGE(reg, ...) BIT_CHANGE__(reg, 0, __VA_ARGS__)
330 #define BIT_CHANGE_BV(reg, ...) BIT_CHANGE__(reg, 1, __VA_ARGS__)
332 #endif /* COMPILER_VARIADIC_MACROS */
335 * Macro for rotating bit left or right.
338 #define ROTR(var, rot) (((var) >> (rot)) | ((var) << ((sizeof(var) * 8) - (rot))))
339 #define ROTL(var, rot) (((var) << (rot)) | ((var) >> ((sizeof(var) * 8) - (rot))))
343 * Make an id from 4 letters, useful for
344 * file formats and kfile ids.
346 #define MAKE_ID(a,b,c,d) \
347 ( ((uint32_t)(a) << 24) \
348 | ((uint32_t)(b) << 16) \
349 | ((uint32_t)(c) << 8) \
350 | ((uint32_t)(d) << 0) )
353 * Type for id generated by MAKE_ID().
355 typedef uint32_t id_t;
357 #endif /* MACROS_H */