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29 * Copyright 2009 Develer S.r.l. (http://www.develer.com/)
33 * \defgroup io_kblock KBlock interface
37 * \brief KBlock interface
39 * A block device is a device which can only be read/written
40 * with data blocks of constant size: flash memories,
41 * SD cards, hard disks, etc...
42 * This interface is designed to adapt to most block devices and
43 * use peculiar features in order to save CPU time and memory space.
45 * There is no init function because you do not have to use this
46 * structure directly, specific implementations will supply their own init
49 * Error handling is done in a way similar to standard C library: whenever a
50 * function (eg. kblock_flush()) returns error, you need to check the error
51 * code, which is implementation specific.
53 * Example of code flow:
55 * // init a KBlock-derived class
57 * flash_init(&fls.blk, 0);
59 * // use kblock_* functions to access the derived class
60 * kblock_write(&fls.blk, ...);
61 * if (kblock_flush(&fls.blk) == EOF)
63 * // oops, error occurred!
64 * int err = kblock_error(&fls.blk);
65 * // handle Flash specific error conditions
67 * // clear error condition
68 * kblock_clearerr(&fls.blk);
72 * \note The KBlock interface is optimized for block reads. If you need a
73 * file-like access, you can use \ref kfile_block.
75 * \author Francesco Sacchi <batt@develer.com>
77 * $WIZ$ module_name = "kblock"
83 #include <cfg/compiler.h>
84 #include <cfg/debug.h>
85 #include <cfg/macros.h>
87 /** Type for addressing blocks in the device. */
88 typedef uint32_t block_idx_t;
94 * \name Prototypes for KBlock low level access functions.
96 * When writing a driver implementing the KBlock interface you can choose which
97 * function subset to implement, but you have to set to NULL unimplemented
102 typedef size_t (* kblock_read_direct_t) (struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t index, void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
103 typedef size_t (* kblock_write_direct_t) (struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t index, const void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
105 typedef size_t (* kblock_read_t) (struct KBlock *b, void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
106 typedef size_t (* kblock_write_t) (struct KBlock *b, const void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
107 typedef int (* kblock_load_t) (struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t index);
108 typedef int (* kblock_store_t) (struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t index);
110 typedef int (* kblock_error_t) (struct KBlock *b);
111 typedef void (* kblock_clearerr_t) (struct KBlock *b);
112 typedef int (* kblock_close_t) (struct KBlock *b);
116 * Table of interface functions for a KBlock device.
118 typedef struct KBlockVTable
120 kblock_read_direct_t readDirect;
121 kblock_write_direct_t writeDirect;
123 kblock_read_t readBuf;
124 kblock_write_t writeBuf;
126 kblock_store_t store;
128 kblock_error_t error; // \sa kblock_error()
129 kblock_clearerr_t clearerr; // \sa kblock_clearerr()
131 kblock_close_t close; // \sa kblock_close()
135 #define KB_BUFFERED BV(0) ///< Internal flag: true if the KBlock has a buffer
136 #define KB_CACHE_DIRTY BV(1) ///< Internal flag: true if the cache is dirty
137 #define KB_PARTIAL_WRITE BV(2) ///< Internal flag: true if the device allows partial block write
141 * KBlock private members.
142 * These are the private members of the KBlock interface, please do not
143 * access these directly, use the KBlock API.
145 typedef struct KBlockPriv
147 DB(id_t type); // Used to keep track, at runtime, of the class type.
148 int flags; // Status and error flags.
149 void *buf; // Pointer to the page buffer for RAM-cached KBlocks.
150 block_idx_t blk_start; // Start block number when the device is trimmed. \sa kblock_trim().
151 block_idx_t curr_blk; // Current cached block number in cached KBlocks.
153 const struct KBlockVTable *vt; // Virtual table of interface functions.
157 * KBlock: interface for a generic block device.
160 typedef struct KBlock
162 KBlockPriv priv; ///< Interface private data, do not use directly.
164 /* Public access members */
165 size_t blk_size; ///< Block size.
166 block_idx_t blk_cnt; ///< Number of blocks available in the device.
171 * Use a subset of the blocks on the device.
173 * This function is useful for partitioning a device and use it for
174 * different purposes at the same time.
176 * This function will limit the number of blocks used on the device by setting
177 * a start index and a number of blocks to be used counting from that index.
179 * The blocks outside this range are no more accessible.
181 * Logical block indexes will be mapped to physical indexes inside this new
182 * range automatically. Even following calls to kblock_trim() will use logical
183 * indexes, so, once trimmed, access can only be limited further and never
188 * //...init KBlock device dev
189 * kblock_trim(dev, 200, 1500); // Restrict access to the 200-1700 physical block range.
190 * kblock_read(dev, 0, buf, 0, dev->blk_size); // Read from physical block #200.
191 * kblock_trim(dev, 0, 300); // Restrict access to the 200-500 physical block range.
194 * \param b KBlock device.
195 * \param start The index of the start block for the limiting window in logical addressing units.
196 * \param count The number of blocks to be used.
199 INLINE void kblock_trim(struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t start, block_idx_t count)
201 ASSERT(start + count <= b->blk_cnt);
202 b->priv.blk_start += start;
207 #define KB_ASSERT_METHOD(b, method) \
211 ASSERT((b)->priv.vt); \
212 ASSERT((b)->priv.vt->method); \
218 * Get the current errors for the device.
220 * \note Calling this function will not clear the errors.
222 * \param b KBlock device.
224 * \return 0 if no error is present, a driver specific mask of errors otherwise.
226 * \sa kblock_clearerr()
228 INLINE int kblock_error(struct KBlock *b)
230 KB_ASSERT_METHOD(b, error);
231 return b->priv.vt->error(b);
235 * Clear the errors of the device.
237 * \param b KBlock device.
242 INLINE void kblock_clearerr(struct KBlock *b)
244 KB_ASSERT_METHOD(b, clearerr);
245 b->priv.vt->clearerr(b);
250 * Flush the cache (if any) to the device.
252 * This function will write any pending modifications to the device.
253 * If the device does not have a cache, this function will do nothing.
255 * \return 0 if all is OK, EOF on errors.
256 * \sa kblock_read(), kblock_write(), kblock_buffered().
258 int kblock_flush(struct KBlock *b);
263 * \param b KBlock device.
265 * \return 0 on success, EOF on errors.
267 INLINE int kblock_close(struct KBlock *b)
269 KB_ASSERT_METHOD(b, close);
270 return kblock_flush(b) | b->priv.vt->close(b);
274 * \return true if the device \a b is buffered, false otherwise.
275 * \param b KBlock device.
276 * \sa kblock_cachedBlock(), kblock_cacheDirty().
278 INLINE bool kblock_buffered(struct KBlock *b)
281 return (b->priv.flags & KB_BUFFERED);
286 * \return The current cached block number if the device is buffered.
287 * \param b KBlock device.
288 * \note This function will throw an ASSERT if called on a non buffered KBlock.
289 * \sa kblock_buffered(), kblock_cacheDirty().
291 INLINE block_idx_t kblock_cachedBlock(struct KBlock *b)
293 ASSERT(kblock_buffered(b));
294 return b->priv.curr_blk;
299 * Return the status of the internal cache.
301 * \param b KBlock device.
302 * \return If the device supports buffering, returns true if the cache is dirty,
303 * false if the cache is clean and coherent with device content.
304 * \note This function will throw an ASSERT if called on a non buffered KBlock.
305 * \sa kblock_cachedBlock(), kblock_buffered().
307 INLINE bool kblock_cacheDirty(struct KBlock *b)
309 ASSERT(kblock_buffered(b));
310 return kblock_buffered(b) && (b->priv.flags & KB_CACHE_DIRTY);
314 * \return true if the device \a b supports partial block write. That is, you
315 * can call kblock_write() with a size which is lesser than the block
317 * \param b KBlock device.
318 * \sa kblock_write().
320 INLINE bool kblock_partialWrite(struct KBlock *b)
323 return (b->priv.flags & KB_PARTIAL_WRITE);
327 * Read data from the block device.
329 * This function will read \a size bytes from block \a idx starting at
330 * address \a offset inside the block.
332 * Most block devices (almost all flash memories, for instance),
333 * can efficiently read even a part of the block.
335 * \note This function can be slow if you try to partial read a block from
336 * a device which does not support partial block reads and is opened
337 * in unbuffered mode.
339 * \param b KBlock device.
340 * \param idx the block number where you want to read.
341 * \param buf a buffer where the data will be read.
342 * \param offset the offset inside the block from which data reading will start.
343 * \param size the size of data to be read.
345 * \return the number of bytes read.
347 * \sa kblock_write().
349 size_t kblock_read(struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t idx, void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
353 * Write data to the block device.
355 * This function will write \a size bytes to block \a idx starting at
356 * address \a offset inside the block.
358 * \note Partial block writes are supported only on certain devices.
359 * You can use kblock_partialWrite() in order to check if the device
360 * has this feature or not.
362 * \note If the device is opened in buffered mode, this function will use
363 * efficiently and trasparently the cache provided.
364 * In order to be sure that all modifications are actually written
365 * to the device you have to call kblock_flush().
367 * \param b KBlock device.
368 * \param idx the block number where you want to write.
369 * \param buf a pointer to the data to be written.
370 * \param offset the offset inside the block from which data writing will start.
371 * \param size the size of data to be written.
373 * \return the number of bytes written.
375 * \sa kblock_read(), kblock_flush(), kblock_buffered(), kblock_partialWrite().
377 size_t kblock_write(struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t idx, const void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
380 * Copy one block to another.
382 * This function will copy the content of block \a src to block \a dest.
384 * \note This function is available only on devices which support partial
385 * block write or are opened in buffered mode.
387 * \param b KBlock device.
388 * \param src source block number.
389 * \param dest destination block number.
391 * \return 0 if all is OK, EOF on errors.
393 int kblock_copy(struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t src, block_idx_t dest);
395 int kblock_swLoad(struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t index);
396 int kblock_swStore(struct KBlock *b, block_idx_t index);
397 size_t kblock_swReadBuf(struct KBlock *b, void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
398 size_t kblock_swWriteBuf(struct KBlock *b, const void *buf, size_t offset, size_t size);
399 int kblock_swClose(struct KBlock *b);
401 /** \} */ //defgroup io_kblock
404 #endif /* IO_KBLOCK_H */