#!/usr/bin/perl -w -T

# pem2openpgp: take a PEM-encoded RSA private-key on standard input, a
# User ID as the first argument, and generate an OpenPGP certificate
# from it.

# Usage:

# pem2openpgp 'ssh://'$(hostname -f) < /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key | gpg --import

# Authors:
#  Jameson Rollins <jrollins@finestructure.net>
#  Daniel Kahn Gillmor <dkg@fifthhorseman.net>

# Started on: 2009-01-07 02:01:19-0500

# License: GPL v3 or later (we may need to adjust this given that this
# connects to OpenSSL via perl)

use strict;
use warnings;
use Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA;
use Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum;
use Digest::SHA1;
use MIME::Base64;

## make sure all length() and substr() calls use bytes only:
use bytes;

my $uid = shift;

# FIXME: fail if there is no given user ID; or should we default to
# hostname_long() from Sys::Hostname::Long ?

# make an old-style packet out of the given packet type and body.
# old-style  (see RFC 4880 section 4.2)
sub make_packet {
  my $type = shift;
  my $body = shift;

  my $len = length($body);

  my $lenbytes;
  my $lencode;

  if ($len < 2**8) {
    $lenbytes = 0;
    $lencode = 'C';
  } elsif ($len < 2**16) {
    $lenbytes = 1;
    $lencode = 'n';
  } elsif ($len < 2**31) {
    ## not testing against full 32 bits because i don't want to deal
    ## with potential overflow.
    $lenbytes = 2;
    $lencode = 'N';
  } else {
    ## what the hell do we do here?
    $lenbytes = 3;
    $lencode = '';
  }

  return pack('C'.$lencode, 0x80 + ($type * 4) + $lenbytes, $len).
    $body;
}


# takes a Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum, returns it formatted as OpenPGP MPI
# (RFC 4880 section 3.2)
sub mpi_pack {
  my $num = shift;

  my $val = $num->to_bin();
  my $mpilen = length($val)*8;

# this is a kludgy way to get the number of significant bits in the
# first byte:
  my $bitsinfirstbyte = length(sprintf("%b", ord($val)));

  $mpilen -= (8 - $bitsinfirstbyte);

  return pack('n', $mpilen).$val;
}

# FIXME: genericize this to accept either RSA or DSA keys:
sub make_rsa_pub_key_body {
  my $key = shift;
  my $timestamp = shift;

  my ($n, $e) = $key->get_key_parameters();

  return
    pack('CN', 4, $timestamp).
      pack('C', 1). # RSA
	mpi_pack($n).
	  mpi_pack($e);

}

# expects an RSA key (public or private) and a timestamp
sub fingerprint {
  my $key = shift;
  my $timestamp = shift;

  my $rsabody = make_rsa_pub_key_body($key, $timestamp);

  return Digest::SHA1::sha1(pack('Cn', 0x99, length($rsabody)).$rsabody);
}

# FIXME: replace the opaque numbers below with
# semantically-meaningful references based on these tables.

# see RFC 4880 section 9.1 (ignoring deprecated algorithms for now)
my $asym_algos = { rsa => 1,
		   elgamal => 16,
		   dsa => 17,
		   }

# see RFC 4880 section 9.2
my $ciphers = { plaintext => 0,
		idea => 1,
		3des => 2,
		cast5 => 3,
		blowfish => 4,
		aes128 => 7,
		aes192 => 8,
		aes256 => 9
		twofish => 10,
	      };

# see RFC 4880 section 9.3
my $zips = { uncompressed => 0,
	     zip => 1,
	     zlib => 2,
	     bzip2 => 3,
	   };

# see RFC 4880 section 9.4
my $digests = { md5 => 1,
		sha1 => 2,
		ripemd160 => 3,
		sha256 => 8,
		sha384 => 9,
		sha512 => 10,
		sha224 => 11,
	      };

# see RFC 4880 section 5.2.3.21
my $usage_flags = { certify => 0x01,
		    sign => 0x02,
		    encrypt_comms => 0x04,
		    encrypt_storage => 0x08,
		    encrypt => 0x0c, ## both comms and storage
		    split => 0x10, # the private key is split via secret sharing
		    authenticate => 0x20,
		    shared => 0x80, # more than one person holds the entire private key
		  };


# see RFC 4880 section 4.3
my $packet_types = { pubkey_enc_session => 1,
		     sig => 2,
		     symkey_enc_session => 3,
		     onepass_sig => 4,
		     seckey => 5,
		     pubkey => 6,
		     sec_subkey => 7,
		     compressed_data => 8,
		     symenc_data => 9,
		     marker => 10,
		     literal => 11,
		     trust => 12,
		     uid => 13,
		     pub_subkey => 14,
		     uat => 17,
		     symenc_w_integrity => 18,
		     mdc => 19,
		   };

# see RFC 4880 section 5.2.1
my $sig_types = { binary_doc => 0x00,
		  text_doc => 0x01,
		  standalone => 0x02,
		  generic_certification => 0x10,
		  persona_certification => 0x11,
		  casual_certification => 0x12,
		  positive_certification => 0x13,
		  subkey_binding => 0x18,
		  primary_key_binding => 0x19,
		  key_signature => 0x1f,
		  key_revocation => 0x20,
		  subkey_revocation => 0x28,
		  certification_revocation => 0x30,
		  timestamp => 0x40,
		  thirdparty => 0x50,
		};


# see RFC 4880 section 5.2.3.1
my $subpacket_types => { sig_creation_time => 2,
			 sig_expiration_time => 3,
			 exportable => 4,
			 trust_sig => 5,
			 regex => 6,
			 revocable => 7,
			 key_expiration_time => 9,
			 preferred_cipher => 11,
			 revocation_key => 12,
			 issuer => 16,
			 notation => 20,
			 preferred_digest => 21,
			 keyserver_prefs => 23,
			 preferred_keyserver => 24,
			 primary_uid => 25,
			 policy_uri => 26,
			 usage_flags => 27,
			 signers_uid => 28,
			 revocation_reason => 29,
			 features => 30,
			 signature_target => 31,
			 embedded_signature = 32,
		       };

# we're just not dealing with newline business right now.  slurp in
# the whole file.
undef $/;
my $buf = <STDIN>;


my $rsa = Crypt::OpenSSL::RSA->new_private_key($buf);

$rsa->use_sha1_hash();
$rsa->use_no_padding();

if (! $rsa->check_key()) {
  die "key does not check";
}

my $version = pack('C', 4);
# strong assertion of identity:
my $sigtype = pack('C', 0x13);
# RSA
my $pubkey_algo = pack('C', 1);
# SHA1
my $hash_algo = pack('C', 2);

# FIXME: i'm worried about generating a bazillion new OpenPGP
# certificates from the same key, which could easily happen if you run
# this script more than once against the same key.  How can we prevent
# this?

# could an environment variable (if set) override the current time?
my $timestamp = time();

my $creation_time_packet = pack('CCN', 5, 2, $timestamp);


# FIXME: HARDCODED: what if someone wants to select a different set of
# usage flags?  For now, we do only authentication.
my $flags = $usage_flags->{authenticate};
my $usage_packet = pack('CCC', 2, 27, $flags);


# FIXME: HARDCODED: how should we determine how far off to set the
# expiration date?  default is to expire in 2 days, which is insanely
# short (but good for testing).
my $expires_in = 86400*2;
my $expiration_packet = pack('CCN', 5, 9, $expires_in);


# prefer AES-256, AES-192, AES-128, CAST5, 3DES:
my $pref_sym_algos = pack('CCCCCCC', 6, 11, 9, 8, 7, 3, 2);

# prefer SHA-1, SHA-256, RIPE-MD/160
my $pref_hash_algos = pack('CCCCC', 4, 21, 2, 8, 3);

# prefer ZLIB, BZip2, ZIP
my $pref_zip_algos = pack('CCCCC', 4, 22, 2, 3, 1);

# we support the MDC feature:
my $features = pack('CCC', 2, 30, 1);

# keyserver preference: only owner modify (???):
my $keyserver_pref = pack('CCC', 2, 23, 0x80);

my $subpackets_to_be_hashed =
  $creation_time_packet.
  $usage_packet.
  $expiration_packet.
  $pref_sym_algos.
  $pref_hash_algos.
  $pref_zip_algos.
  $features.
  $keyserver_pref;

my $subpacket_octets = pack('n', length($subpackets_to_be_hashed));

my $sig_data_to_be_hashed =
  $version.
  $sigtype.
  $pubkey_algo.
  $hash_algo.
  $subpacket_octets.
  $subpackets_to_be_hashed;

my $pubkey = make_rsa_pub_key_body($rsa, $timestamp);

#open(KEYFILE, "</home/wt215/gpg-test/key-data");
my $key_data = make_packet(6, $pubkey);

# take the last 8 bytes of the fingerprint as the keyid:
my $keyid = substr(fingerprint($rsa, $timestamp), 20 - 8, 8);

# the v4 signature trailer is:

# version number, literal 0xff, and then a 4-byte count of the
# signature data itself.
my $trailer = pack('CCN', 4, 0xff, length($sig_data_to_be_hashed));

my $uid_data =
  pack('CN', 0xb4, length($uid)).
  $uid;

my $datatosign =
  $key_data.
  $uid_data.
  $sig_data_to_be_hashed.
  $trailer;

my $data_hash = Digest::SHA1::sha1_hex($datatosign);


my $issuer_packet = pack('CCa8', 9, 16, $keyid);

my $sig = Crypt::OpenSSL::Bignum->new_from_bin($rsa->sign($datatosign));

my $sig_body =
  $sig_data_to_be_hashed.
  pack('n', length($issuer_packet)).
  $issuer_packet.
  pack('n', hex(substr($data_hash, 0, 4))).
  mpi_pack($sig);

print
  make_packet(6, $pubkey).
  make_packet(13, $uid).
  make_packet(2, $sig_body);