From: aleph Date: Mon, 2 May 2011 14:12:16 +0000 (+0000) Subject: MT29F NAND driver: implement bad block handling and remapping. X-Git-Tag: 2.7.0~96 X-Git-Url: https://codewiz.org/gitweb?a=commitdiff_plain;h=7a825da467bf9ce79329686b37d373c709c9937d;p=bertos.git MT29F NAND driver: implement bad block handling and remapping. Preliminar version: need to implement kblock interface. git-svn-id: https://src.develer.com/svnoss/bertos/trunk@4870 38d2e660-2303-0410-9eaa-f027e97ec537 --- diff --git a/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.c b/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.c index fee417b7..fe0f995a 100644 --- a/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.c +++ b/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.c @@ -44,12 +44,10 @@ #include #include - #include - #include #include - +#include #include /* cpu_relax() */ #include @@ -89,6 +87,17 @@ #define MT29F_CSID(chip) (((chip)->chip_select << NFC_CMD_CSID_SHIFT) & NFC_CMD_CSID_MASK) +/* + * Remap info written in the first page of each block + * used to remap bad blocks. + */ +struct RemapInfo +{ + uint32_t tag; // Magic number to detect valid info + uint16_t mapped_blk; // Bad block the block containing this info is remapping +}; + + /* * Translate flash page index plus a byte offset * in the five address cycles format needed by NAND. @@ -111,7 +120,7 @@ static void getAddrCycles(uint32_t page, uint16_t offset, uint32_t *cycle0, uint *cycle0 = offset & 0xff; *cycle1234 = (page << 8) | ((offset >> 8) & 0xf); - LOG_INFO("mt29f addr: %lx %lx\n", *cycle1234, *cycle0); + //LOG_INFO("mt29f addr: %lx %lx\n", *cycle1234, *cycle0); } @@ -120,11 +129,21 @@ INLINE bool nfcIsBusy(void) return HWREG(NFC_CMD_BASE_ADDR + NFC_CMD_NFCCMD) & 0x8000000; } + +/* + * Return true if SMC/NFC controller completed the last operations. + */ INLINE bool isCmdDone(void) { return SMC_SR & SMC_SR_CMDDONE; } + +/* + * Wait for edge transition of READY/BUSY NAND + * signal. + * Return true for edge detection, false in case of timeout. + */ static bool waitReadyBusy(void) { time_t start = timer_clock(); @@ -210,14 +229,14 @@ static void chipReset(Mt29f *chip) /** - * Erase the whole block containing given page. + * Erase the whole block. */ -int mt29f_blockErase(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page) +int mt29f_blockErase(Mt29f *chip, uint16_t block) { uint32_t cycle0; uint32_t cycle1234; - getAddrCycles(page, 0, &cycle0, &cycle1234); + getAddrCycles(block * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK, 0, &cycle0, &cycle1234); sendCommand(MT29F_CSID(chip) | NFC_CMD_NFCCMD | NFC_CMD_ACYCLE_THREE | NFC_CMD_VCMD2 | @@ -279,7 +298,7 @@ static bool mt29f_readPage(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page, uint16_t offset) uint32_t cycle0; uint32_t cycle1234; - LOG_INFO("mt29f_readPage: page 0x%lx off 0x%x\n", page, offset); + //LOG_INFO("mt29f_readPage: page 0x%lx off 0x%x\n", page, offset); getAddrCycles(page, offset, &cycle0, &cycle1234); @@ -382,23 +401,37 @@ static bool mt29f_writePageData(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page, const void *buf, uin /* - * Write the ECC for a page. + * Write the spare area in a page: ECC and remap block index. * * ECC data are extracted from ECC_PRx registers and written * in the page's spare area. * For 2048 bytes pages and 1 ECC word each 256 bytes, * 24 bytes of ECC data are stored. */ -static bool mt29f_writePageEcc(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page) +static bool mt29f_writePageSpare(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page) { int i; uint32_t *buf = (uint32_t *)NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR; + uint16_t blk = page / MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK; + uint16_t page_in_blk = page % MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK; + struct RemapInfo *remap_info = (struct RemapInfo *)(NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR + MT29F_REMAP_TAG_OFFSET); memset((void *)NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR, 0xff, MT29F_SPARE_SIZE); for (i = 0; i < MT29F_ECC_NWORDS; i++) buf[i] = *((reg32_t *)(SMC_BASE + SMC_ECC_PR0_OFF) + i); + // Check for remapped block + if (chip->block_map[blk] != blk) + page = chip->block_map[blk] * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK + page_in_blk; + + // Write remap tag in first page in block + if (page_in_blk == 0) + { + remap_info->tag = MT29F_REMAP_TAG; + remap_info->mapped_blk = blk; + } + return mt29f_writePage(chip, page, MT29F_DATA_SIZE); } @@ -407,7 +440,7 @@ bool mt29f_write(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page, const void *buf, uint16_t size) { return mt29f_writePageData(chip, page, buf, size) && - mt29f_writePageEcc(chip, page); + mt29f_writePageSpare(chip, page); } @@ -423,6 +456,202 @@ void mt29f_clearError(Mt29f *chip) } +/* + * Check if the given block is marked bad: ONFI standard mandates + * that bad block are marked with "00" bytes on the spare area of the + * first page in block. + */ +static bool blockIsGood(Mt29f *chip, uint16_t blk) +{ + uint8_t *first_byte = (uint8_t *)NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR; + bool good; + + // Check first byte in spare area of first page in block + mt29f_readPage(chip, blk * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK, MT29F_DATA_SIZE); + good = *first_byte == 0xFF; + + if (!good) + LOG_INFO("mt29f: bad block %d\n", blk); + + return good; +} + + +/* + * Return the main partition block remapped on given block in the remap + * partition (dest_blk). + */ +static int getBadBlockFromRemapBlock(Mt29f *chip, uint16_t dest_blk) +{ + struct RemapInfo *remap_info = (struct RemapInfo *)NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR; + + if (!mt29f_readPage(chip, dest_blk * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK, MT29F_DATA_SIZE + MT29F_REMAP_TAG_OFFSET)) + return -1; + + if (remap_info->tag == MT29F_REMAP_TAG) + return remap_info->mapped_blk; + else + return -1; +} + + +/* + * Set a block remapping: src_blk (a block in main data partition) is remappend + * on dest_blk (block in reserved remapped blocks partition). + */ +static bool setMapping(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t src_blk, uint32_t dest_blk) +{ + struct RemapInfo *remap_info = (struct RemapInfo *)NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR; + + LOG_INFO("mt29f, setMapping(): src=%ld dst=%ld\n", src_blk, dest_blk); + + if (!mt29f_readPage(chip, dest_blk * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK, MT29F_DATA_SIZE + MT29F_REMAP_TAG_OFFSET)) + return false; + + remap_info->tag = MT29F_REMAP_TAG; + remap_info->mapped_blk = src_blk; + + return mt29f_writePage(chip, dest_blk * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK, MT29F_DATA_SIZE + MT29F_REMAP_TAG_OFFSET); +} + + +/* + * Get a new block from the remap partition to use as a substitute + * for a bad block. + */ +static uint16_t getFreeRemapBlock(Mt29f *chip) +{ + int blk; + + for (blk = chip->remap_start; blk < MT29F_NUM_BLOCKS; blk++) + { + if (blockIsGood(chip, blk)) + { + chip->remap_start = blk + 1; + return blk; + } + } + + LOG_ERR("mt29f: reserved blocks for bad block remapping exhausted!\n"); + return 0; +} + + +/* + * Check if NAND is initialized. + */ +static bool chipIsMarked(Mt29f *chip) +{ + return getBadBlockFromRemapBlock(chip, MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS) != -1; +} + + +/* + * Initialize NAND (format). Scan NAND for factory marked bad blocks. + * All bad blocks found are remapped to the remap partition: each + * block in the remap partition used to remap bad blocks is marked. + */ +static void initBlockMap(Mt29f *chip) +{ + unsigned b, last; + + // Default is for each block to not be remapped + for (b = 0; b < MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS; b++) + chip->block_map[b] = b; + chip->remap_start = MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS; + + if (chipIsMarked(chip)) + { + LOG_INFO("mt29f: found initialized NAND, searching for remapped blocks\n"); + + // Scan for assigned blocks in remap area + for (b = last = MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS; b < MT29F_NUM_BLOCKS; b++) + { + if (blockIsGood(chip, b)) + { + int remapped_blk = getBadBlockFromRemapBlock(chip, b); + if (remapped_blk != -1 && remapped_blk != MT29F_NULL_REMAP) + { + LOG_INFO("mt29f: found remapped block %d->%d\n", remapped_blk, b); + chip->block_map[remapped_blk] = b; + last = b + 1; + } + } + } + chip->remap_start = last; + } + else + { + bool remapped_anything = false; + + LOG_INFO("mt29f: found new NAND, searching for bad blocks\n"); + + for (b = 0; b < MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS; b++) + { + if (!blockIsGood(chip, b)) + { + chip->block_map[b] = getFreeRemapBlock(chip); + setMapping(chip, b, chip->block_map[b]); + remapped_anything = true; + LOG_INFO("mt29f: found new bad block %d, remapped to %d\n", b, chip->block_map[b]); + } + } + + /* + * If no bad blocks are found (we're lucky!) write a dummy + * remap to mark NAND and detect we already scanned it next time. + */ + if (!remapped_anything) + { + setMapping(chip, MT29F_NULL_REMAP, MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS); + LOG_INFO("mt29f: no bad block founds, marked NAND\n"); + } + } +} + + +#ifdef _DEBUG + +/* + * Erase all blocks. + * DON'T USE on production chips: this function will try to erase + * factory marked bad blocks too. + */ +static void mt29f_wipe(Mt29f *chip) +{ + int b; + for (b = 0; b < MT29F_NUM_BLOCKS; b++) + { + LOG_INFO("mt29f: erasing block %d\n", b); + mt29f_blockErase(chip, b); + } +} + +/* + * Create some bad blocks, erasing them and writing the bad block mark. + */ +static void mt29f_ruinSomeBlocks(Mt29f *chip) +{ + int bads[] = { 7, 99, 555, 1003, 1004, 1432 }; + unsigned i; + + LOG_INFO("mt29f: erasing mark\n"); + mt29f_blockErase(chip, MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS); + + for (i = 0; i < countof(bads); i++) + { + LOG_INFO("mt29f: erasing block %d\n", bads[i]); + mt29f_blockErase(chip, bads[i]); + + LOG_INFO("mt29f: marking page %d as bad\n", bads[i] * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK); + memset((void *)NFC_SRAM_BASE_ADDR, 0, MT29F_SPARE_SIZE); + mt29f_writePage(chip, bads[i] * MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK, MT29F_DATA_SIZE); + } +} + +#endif + + static void initPio(void) { /* @@ -493,14 +722,23 @@ static void initSmc(void) } -void mt29f_init(Mt29f *chip, uint8_t chip_select) +bool mt29f_init(Mt29f *chip, struct Heap *heap, uint8_t chip_select) { memset(chip, 0, sizeof(Mt29f)); chip->chip_select = chip_select; + chip->block_map = heap_allocmem(heap, MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS * sizeof(*chip->block_map)); + if (!chip->block_map) + { + LOG_ERR("mt29f: error allocating block map\n"); + return false; + } initPio(); initSmc(); chipReset(chip); + initBlockMap(chip); + + return true; } diff --git a/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.h b/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.h index c3fa31d5..3a8a9abe 100644 --- a/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.h +++ b/bertos/cpu/cortex-m3/drv/mt29f_sam3.h @@ -42,12 +42,22 @@ // MT29F2G08AAD, FIXME: configurable -#define MT29F_DATA_SIZE 0x800 // 2048 B -#define MT29F_SPARE_SIZE 0x40 // 64 B -#define MT29F_PAGE_SIZE (MT29F_DATA_SIZE + MT29F_SPARE_SIZE) -#define MT29F_BLOCK_SIZE 0x20000 // 128 kB -#define MT29F_SIZE 0x10000000 // 256 MB -#define MT29F_ECC_NWORDS (MT29F_DATA_SIZE / 256) +#define MT29F_DATA_SIZE 0x800 // 2048 B +#define MT29F_SPARE_SIZE 0x40 // 64 B +#define MT29F_PAGE_SIZE (MT29F_DATA_SIZE + MT29F_SPARE_SIZE) +#define MT29F_PAGES_PER_BLOCK 64 +#define MT29F_NUM_BLOCKS 2048 +#define MT29F_ECC_NWORDS (MT29F_DATA_SIZE / 256) +#define MT29F_REMAP_TAG_OFFSET 0x38 +#define MT29F_REMAP_TAG 0x3e10c8ed +// Used to setup a dummy remup +#define MT29F_NULL_REMAP 0xfffe + +// Number of reserved block for remapping +#define MT29F_NUM_REMAP_BLOCKS 128 +// Number of usable blocks, and index of first remapping block +#define MT29F_NUM_USER_BLOCKS (MT29F_NUM_BLOCKS - MT29F_NUM_REMAP_BLOCKS) + /* * PIO definitions. diff --git a/bertos/drv/mt29f.h b/bertos/drv/mt29f.h index 82078d4b..cf80ea77 100644 --- a/bertos/drv/mt29f.h +++ b/bertos/drv/mt29f.h @@ -33,29 +33,11 @@ * * This module allows read/write access to Micron MT29F serial * NANDs. -* It is a block device, so it must be accessed using the KBlock -* interface functions (see kblock.h). -* -* Once you have opened the flash for writing, you may want to use -* kblock_trim() to avoid overwriting data on other flash banks. -* -* Example usage: -* \code -* Mt29f chip; -* mt29f_init(&chip); -* // enable access only on desired blocks -* // start block = 50, num blocks = 20 -* kblock_trim(&chip.blk, 50, 20); -* // ... -* // now write to the flash -* // block number is automatically converted -* kblock_write(&chip.blk, 0, buf, 0, 128); -* \endcode * * \author Stefano Fedrigo * * $WIZ$ module_name = "mt29f" -* $WIZ$ module_depends = "kfile", "kfile_block", "kblock" +* $WIZ$ module_depends = "kfile", "kfile_block", "kblock", "heap" * $WIZ$ module_configuration = "bertos/cfg/cfg_mt29f.h" */ @@ -63,11 +45,7 @@ #define DRV_MT29F_H #include "cfg/cfg_mt29f.h" - #include -//#include - -//#include /** @@ -86,13 +64,18 @@ */ typedef struct Mt29f { - uint8_t chip_select; - uint8_t status; + uint8_t chip_select; + uint8_t status; + + uint16_t *block_map; // For bad blocks remapping + uint16_t remap_start; // First unused remap block } Mt29f; -void mt29f_init(Mt29f *chip, uint8_t chip_select); +struct Heap; + +bool mt29f_init(Mt29f *chip, struct Heap *heap, uint8_t chip_select); bool mt29f_getDevId(Mt29f *chip, uint8_t dev_id[5]); -int mt29f_blockErase(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t blk); +int mt29f_blockErase(Mt29f *chip, uint16_t block); bool mt29f_read(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page, void *buf, uint16_t size); bool mt29f_write(Mt29f *chip, uint32_t page, const void *buf, uint16_t size); int mt29f_error(Mt29f *chip);